Special Employment and Union Workers
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When an employer lends an employee to another employer and both have the right to exercise certain powers of control over the worker, a "special employment" relationship arises. The employee can be held to have two employers –– the original "general employer" and the second "special employer." If a special employment relationship is found to exist, both employers are jointly and severally liable for any injuries to the employee. A special employment relationship commonly is formed when a temporary employment agency or labor contractor sends a worker to another company to perform work. But it's not limited to those situations. Generally, in determining the existence of a special employment relationship, the right of control is the paramount factor. But it's not the exclusive factor and it's not determinative of the issue. The courts will look at multiple factors to determine whether special employment exists.